Introduction
Japanese onsen (hot springs) are a deeply relaxing and traditional part of Japanese culture, dating back centuries. For many locals, visiting an onsen is a way to unwind, cleanse the body, and reconnect with nature. But for first-time visitors—especially those from abroad—the etiquette can be unfamiliar or even intimidating. This guide outlines the essential rules and cultural norms you should follow to fully enjoy the onsen experience with respect and confidence.
Understand the Concept of Nudity
In most Japanese onsen, bathing is done completely naked. Swimsuits, underwear, or any form of clothing are not allowed. This may be surprising or uncomfortable for some visitors, but it’s a deeply rooted cultural norm in Japan. Men and women usually bathe in separate facilities, though some mixed-gender (konyoku) baths exist. Embracing this custom helps foster a sense of equality and comfort among bathers.
Wash Before Entering the Bath
Before soaking in the hot spring, you must thoroughly wash and rinse your body at the washing station. This is not just a courtesy but a strict hygienic requirement. Use the provided stools, hand showers, soap, and shampoo to clean yourself completely. Entering the communal bath without washing first is considered highly disrespectful.
Keep Your Towel Out of the Water
Most onsen provide a small towel known as a “tenugui,” which you can use to cover yourself while walking between washing and soaking areas. However, never allow this towel to touch the water in the bath itself. Instead, place it on your head or leave it on the side of the tub. Keeping the water clean is a top priority.
Don’t Swim or Splash
An onsen is not a swimming pool. Its purpose is rest and relaxation. Avoid any behavior that could disturb others, such as splashing water, diving, or playing. Moving slowly and quietly ensures that everyone can enjoy the tranquil environment.
Tattoos May Be an Issue
In Japan, tattoos are traditionally associated with organized crime (yakuza), and some onsen have rules that prohibit individuals with visible tattoos from entering. This is slowly changing, but not all establishments are tattoo-friendly yet. To avoid issues, research ahead of time or seek out onsen that explicitly allow tattoos. Some offer sticker covers to conceal small tattoos.
Tie Up Long Hair
If you have long hair, it’s important to tie it up securely before entering the bath. Hair should never touch or float in the water. Most onsen offer hair ties or encourage guests to bring their own. This not only maintains cleanliness but also shows respect for other bathers.
Don’t Use Soap in the Tub
While soap and shampoo are encouraged in the washing area, they are strictly prohibited inside the soaking tub. The bathwater is often natural spring water and must be kept pure. Make sure to rinse off all soap and shampoo thoroughly before entering the bath.
Stay Quiet and Relaxed
An onsen is meant to be a peaceful place. Loud conversations, laughter, or phone use can ruin the experience for others. Speak in hushed tones if necessary and try to limit unnecessary noise. Some onsen even ban phones entirely in the bathing area.
Don’t Stay Too Long
The soothing heat of onsen water can be surprisingly strong. It’s best to limit your soak to 5–15 minutes at a time, especially if you’re new to hot springs. Staying too long can lead to dizziness, dehydration, or even fainting. Take breaks in between and hydrate if necessary.
Rinse Again After Bathing
After your final soak, many locals choose to rinse off lightly at the shower station again. This removes any lingering minerals or sweat. Some prefer to let the minerals stay on the skin for therapeutic benefits—it’s up to your preference, but rinsing is appreciated in shared spaces.
Bonus: How to Find Tattoo-Friendly Onsen
If you have tattoos and are unsure about whether you’ll be accepted, don’t worry—there are plenty of resources. Search for “tattoo-friendly onsen” on Google, or use platforms like Klook, Tripadvisor, or the Tattoo Friendly Japan website. These often include reviews and photos, making it easier to choose a welcoming location.
Conclusion
Following these simple but important rules can make your onsen visit much more enjoyable—not just for yourself, but for those around you. Japan’s onsen culture is a beautiful, calming tradition, and showing respect through proper manners helps preserve its unique charm. Embrace the experience with an open mind, and you’ll leave feeling refreshed in body and spirit.